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Diversidad de pulgones (Hemiptera: Aphididae) y sus principales parasitoides en el Ecuador
| dc.contributor.advisor | Mayorga Arias, David | |
| dc.contributor.author | Tomalá Gómez, Tatiana Katiusca | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-10-27T21:05:13Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-10-27T21:05:13Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.utb.edu.ec/handle/49000/14869 | |
| dc.description | Aphids have long been considered one of the most important groups of crop pests due to their presence on many plant species, high reproductive rates and a large number of generations per year. All the information obtained was obtained through the technique of analysis, synthesis and summary, with the sole objective of describing the subject on the "Diversity of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidae) and their main parasitoids in Ecuador". From the above, it was determined that direct damage by aphids is caused by the injection of saliva and sucking juices; excessive sap suction can severely damage the plant and reduce its yield. Mechanical damage by stings can cause organ abortion or early flowering or even fruit drop. Salivation causes a reaction in many plants, which in many cases is violent, causing deformations, resulting in reduced yield or quality. There are other indirect damages caused by aphids such as the spread of economically important viruses in various crops. Among the main aphid species affecting agricultural production crops are: Aphis fabae, Aphis gossypii, Brevicoryne brassicae and Myzus persicae. The most frequently occurring aphid parasitoids are: Lysiphlebus cardui (Marshall, 1896); Lysiphlebus confusus Tremblay and Eady, 1978; Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall, 1876); Aphidius urticae Halliday, 1834; Aphidius eadyi Stary and Praon volucre (Haliday, 1833). There is a diversity of hosts that are affected by aphids such as: Herbaceous crops: Artichoke, carrot, spinach, beet, chard, broad bean, bean, pea and citrus (lemon, orange, mandarin), broccoli, cauliflower, lettuce, turnip, cotton, coffee, cocoa, eggplant, cucumber, melon, watermelon, squash, bell pepper, loquat, tomato, apple tree. | es_ES |
| dc.description | Aphids have long been considered one of the most important groups of crop pests due to their presence on many plant species, high reproductive rates and a large number of generations per year. All the information obtained was obtained through the technique of analysis, synthesis and summary, with the sole objective of describing the subject on the "Diversity of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidae) and their main parasitoids in Ecuador". From the above, it was determined that direct damage by aphids is caused by the injection of saliva and sucking juices; excessive sap suction can severely damage the plant and reduce its yield. Mechanical damage by stings can cause organ abortion or early flowering or even fruit drop. Salivation causes a reaction in many plants, which in many cases is violent, causing deformations, resulting in reduced yield or quality. There are other indirect damages caused by aphids such as the spread of economically important viruses in various crops. Among the main aphid species affecting agricultural production crops are: Aphis fabae, Aphis gossypii, Brevicoryne brassicae and Myzus persicae. The most frequently occurring aphid parasitoids are: Lysiphlebus cardui (Marshall, 1896); Lysiphlebus confusus Tremblay and Eady, 1978; Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall, 1876); Aphidius urticae Halliday, 1834; Aphidius eadyi Stary and Praon volucre (Haliday, 1833). There is a diversity of hosts that are affected by aphids such as: Herbaceous crops: Artichoke, carrot, spinach, beet, chard, broad bean, bean, pea and citrus (lemon, orange, mandarin), broccoli, cauliflower, lettuce, turnip, cotton, coffee, cocoa, eggplant, cucumber, melon, watermelon, squash, bell pepper, loquat, tomato, apple tree. | es_ES |
| dc.description.abstract | Los pulgones han sido considerados durante mucho tiempo uno de los grupos más importantes de plagas de cultivos debido a su presencia en muchas especies de plantas, altas tasas de reproducción y un gran número de generaciones por año. Toda la información que se obtuvo fue mediante la técnica de análisis, síntesis y resumen, con el objetivo de describir la temática sobre la “Diversidad de pulgones (Hemiptera: Aphidae) y sus principales parasitoides en el Ecuador”. Por lo anteriormente detallado se determinó que el daño directo por los pulgones es causado por la inyección de saliva y jugos chupadores; la succión excesiva de savia puede dañar gravemente la planta y reducir su rendimiento. Los daños mecánicos por picaduras pueden provocar el aborto de órganos o una floración temprana o incluso la caída del fruto. La salivación provoca una reacción en muchas plantas, que en muchos casos es violenta, provocando deformaciones, lo que resulta en una reducción del rendimiento o la calidad. Existen otros daños indirectos provocados por los pulgones como es la propagación del virus de importancia económica en diversos cultivos. Entre las principales especies de pulgones que afectan los cultivos de producción agrícola están: Aphis fabae, Aphis gossypii, Brevicoryne brassicae y Myzus persicae. Los parasitoides de pulgones con mayor frecuencia son: Lysiphlebus cardui (Marshall, 1896); Lysiphlebus confusus Tremblay y Eady, 1978; Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall, 1876); Aphidius urticae Halliday, 1834; Aphidius eadyi Stary y Praon volucre (Haliday, 1833). Existen una diversidad de hospederos que son afectados por los pulgones tales como: Cultivos herbáceos: Alcachofa, zanahoria, espinaca, remolacha, acelga, haba, frejol, arveja y cítricos (Limón, naranja, mandarina), Brócoli, Coliflor, Lechuga, Nabo, Algodón, café, cacao, berenjena, pepino, melón, sandía, zapallo, pimiento, níspero, tomate, manzano. | es_ES |
| dc.format.extent | 35 p. | es_ES |
| dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
| dc.publisher | BABAHOYO: UTB, 2023 | es_ES |
| dc.rights | Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Ecuador | * |
| dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ec/ | * |
| dc.subject | Pulgones | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Daños | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Parasitoides | es_ES |
| dc.subject | Hospederos | es_ES |
| dc.title | Diversidad de pulgones (Hemiptera: Aphididae) y sus principales parasitoides en el Ecuador | es_ES |
| dc.type | bachelorThesis | es_ES |
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